CHAKRA CULTURAL FOUNDATION
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Ratu Boko Site, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia


We visited Ratu Boko located about 3 km south of Prambanan on November 10, 2020. Ratu Boko is situated atop of a hill ± 195.97 m above sea level. Ratu Boko is not a temple, but remains of a palace. Ratu Baka is often called Kraton Ratu Boko. Legend said that Ratu Boko once was a palace for Ratu Boko, the father of Lara Jonggrang. Ratu Boko was built during the 8th century AD by the Buddhist Syailendra Dynasty, but then the Hindu Mataram kings took over the place. This takes over made Kraton Ratu Boko full with Hindu and Buddhist references.
 
The site covers 16 hectares in two hamlets (Dawung and Sambireja) of the village of Bokoharjo and Prambanan, Sleman Regency. In striking contrast to other Classic-period sites in Central Java and Yogyakarta, which are remains of temples, Ratu Boko displays attributes of an occupation or settlement site, although its precise function is unknown. Probably the site was a palace complex which belonged to the kings of Sailendra or Mataram Kingdom that also built temples scattered across the Prambanan Plain. The argument was based on the fact that this complex was not a temple nor building with religious nature, but a fortified palace instead with evidence of a remnant of fortified walls and the dry moat of defensive structures. Ratu Boko site is consisting of seven parts of the complex building. Those are Gate, Batukapur Temple, Pembakaran Temple, Paseban, Pendapa, Kaputren, and Cave.
 
The remains of settlements were also found in Ratu Boko vicinity. This site is located 196 m above the sea level, on the highest point of the site, is a small pavilion from whose one will be able to see a panoramic view of Prambanan temple with Mount Merapi as the background.
 
Abhayagiri Vihara inscription dated 792 CE is one of the few written evidence discovered in Ratu Boko site. The inscription mentioned Tejahpurnapane Panamkarana or Rakai Panangkaran (746-784 CE), and also mentioned a vihara located on top of the hill called Abhyagiri Wihara which means "a vihara on top of the hill that free from danger".  From this inscription it was concluded, that King Panangkaran in a later period of his reign wished for a spiritual refuge and created a reclusion of Buddhist hermitage named Abhayagiri Wihara in 792 CE. Rakai Panangkaran was a pious follower of Mahayana Buddhist. A Dhyani Buddha statue was discovered on the site, which confirmed its initial Buddhist nature. Nevertheless, some Hindu elements are also found at the site, such as the discovery of statues of Hindu deities: Durga, Ganesha and Yoni.
 
The uniqueness of this site lay on the obscurity of its historical chronology and the distinctive of the monumental building type in comparison with Prambanan Temples complex as well as Borobudur Temple which was built around the same century by the same dynasty. Lack of sculptures which became the signature of the most building around this century made Ratu Boko site so different. If we look just a glance at the site it is quite simple and more likely was built in older period than Prambanan as well as Borobudur. It is also apparent the similarity with the site in South America such as Tenochtitlan. Nevertheless, comprehensive research on this site is utterly required, to unveil its uniqueness and the history beyond.

 


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Initiative Foundation for Culture Connectivity                                                                                                                                                                                    Copyright © Chakra Cultural Foundation 2018
  • Home
  • A Natural Trust
    • Foreword
    • Organization Structure
  • A Word On Activity
    • Ingesting Idea Afresh
    • Resettling Cognitive Structure
  • Center for Culture Studies
    • Books Publication
    • Journal Publication
    • Videos Publication
    • Programs >
      • 2018 - 2019 >
        • Program Participation >
          • IIBF 2018 (Jakarta)
          • Borak Arts Series 2018 (Adelaide)
          • Kongres Kebudayaan Indonesia 2018 (Jakarta)
          • Pekan Kebudayaan Nasional 2019 (Jakarta)
          • 2019 Tshinghua-Science Symposium (Beijing)
        • Research Program 2019 >
          • "Who You Are" Research >
            • Report (in Bahasa Indonesia) >
              • Januari-Februari 2019
              • Maret - April 2019
              • Juli - Agustus 2019
            • Brief Report in English
          • Inventory Program (Dual Languages)
      • 2020 >
        • Visit Historical Sites >
          • Kampung Adat Cireundeu
          • Gunung Padang Megalithic Site
          • Prambanan Temple
          • Ratu Boko Site
          • Borobudur Temple
          • Pekan Kebudayaan Nasional 2020
        • Virtual Conferences >
          • Dialogue Positive
          • 4Revs World Hackathon
          • Asia Pacific Spatial Genomics Summit
          • 4Revs Innovation Challenge
      • 2021 >
        • RWYC Indonesia >
          • RWYC Workshop
          • Loka Karya RWYC
          • RWYC Conference >
            • Registration Form
      • 2022 >
        • ResiliArt Debate - UNESCO
        • Loka Karya Budaya - RWYC
        • Children's Art Network, RWYC Japan
        • LKB - Aku dan Warisan Budayaku
        • RWYC Seminar 2022
        • LKB - Pelatihan Konten Audio Visual
        • Visit Historical Museums >
          • Visit The Blanco Museum
          • Visit Neka Museum
          • Visit Sangiran Museum
        • RWYC America: International Seminar
        • RWYC Indonesia: Launching Papercraft Nusantara
        • RWYC-School Workshop - SMPN 1 Kedawung Cirebon
        • LIMAS FISIP UI - Webinar Nasional
        • ICOMOS PRERICO Symposium Bangkok 2022
        • Visit Historical Sites in Thailand >
          • Visit The Golden Mount, Bangkok
          • Visit The Grand Palace and Wat Phra Keaw
          • Visit The Ancient City Ayutthaya
          • Visit The National Bangkok Museum
          • Visit The Ancient City Nakhon Prathom
        • SANUSTRA Experience
      • 2023 >
        • Seminar Literasi Digital
        • Gathering RWYC X FIKOM UNPAD
        • InaSHG/ISGC Annual Meeting
        • Visit Pre-Historical Sites >
          • Visit Gua Pawon, Jawa Barat
          • Visit Karst Maros Pangkep, Sulawesi Selatan
          • Visit Desa Sasak Ende, Lombok
        • Poster Competition
        • Wallace Line Project
        • Kongres Kebudayaan Indonesia 2023
        • Seminar dan Workshop Manassa-UNESCO
        • Journals Writing
      • 2024 >
        • Cultural Workshops and Collaboration >
          • Angels Drawing in Japan
          • Cultural Mission to Italy
          • Sanustra Workshop with FIKOM UNPAD
          • Rekonstruksi Kesadaran Genetika Budaya with Wikasatrian
          • Amakusa Pottery Drawing Exhibition
          • Collaboration with CYS
          • Podcast Mira Outlook on Spotify
        • Cultural Research >
          • Inventory Oral Tradition
        • Visiting Historical Sites >
          • Visiting Giza Pyramid
          • Visiting City of Alexandria
          • Visiting Sasak Village Lombok
          • Visiting Museum Song Terus, Pacitan
        • Conferences and Journals >
          • 3rd InaSHG Annual Meeting and Conference
          • KONPI COnference of Indonesian Pre-History
          • Tambo Journal
    • Cultural Knowledge >
      • Article: Gunung dan Seruling
      • Article: Seni Tradisi Leluhur Nusantara
      • Article: Presiden RI dan Busana Adat Daerah Nusantara
      • Article: Gunung dan Arsitektur Pemujaan Masyarakat Bali
      • Article: Ngubeng (Bali)
      • Article: Danu (Bali)
      • Article: Pesta Kesenian Bali 2022
      • Article: Motif Kain Pewayangan yang Sarat Nilai Kemanusiaan dan Kebangsaan
      • Article: Kita adalah Masyarakat Adat Bangsa Nusantara
    • Annual Reports
    • Achievement
  • Contact Us